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- Peptides are formed through the enzymatic actions in living organisms, but difficulty exists to form peptide by non-enzymatic actions. Here we report the success of peptide formation under anhydrous, high P and T conditions. We were successful to form 11-mer of glycine and 5-mer of alanine. They are important constituents of spider silk, which is a candidate of next generation of carbon fibers. Therefore, our techniques have potentials to apply making new carbon fibers without biotechnology.
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Researchers
Graduate School of Science
Takeshi Kakegawa
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- To realize IoT society, it is required the sensors, which function without battery charge. We study on energy harvesting materials using our knowledge about materials mechanics and numerical simulation such as finite element method. We recently address to develop energy harvesting devices, which can recovery the unharnessed energy around us as electrical energy.
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Researchers
Graduate School of Environmental Studies
Fumio Narita
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- My research area is mainly phenomenology, philosophy of technology, and applied ethics (engineering ethics etc.). Technological Artifacts mediate human activities. So designing artifacts is in itself an ethical behavior. Analysing the ontological structure of the artifacts, describing the epistemological propcess of desingning activities, evaluating the social and ethical influence of artifacts are main issues in philosophy of technology. On the basis of such philosophical investigations, we can develope ethical studies concerining how engineerss, companies can recognize ethical issues in a networks of meanings , how they can make ethical decision among engineers and users.
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I hope to conduct cooperative research on ethical education of engineers, as well as on human-machine interaction.
Researchers
Graduate School of Arts and Letters
Kiyotaka Naoe
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- Nakagawa group has dedicated to pursue scientific principles for molecular control of interface function occurring at polymer/other material interfaces and to put them into practice in nanoimprint lithography promising as a next generation nanofabrication tool. We are developing advanced photo-functional materials such as sticking molecular layers for "fix by light", UV-curable resins and antisticking molecular layers for "preparation by light", fluorescent resist materials for "inspection by light", and hybrid optical materials "available to light" and new research tools such as mechanical measurement systems to evaluate release property of UV-curable resins.
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Our research aims at creating new devices to control photon, electron, and magnetism.
Researchers
Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials
Masaru Nakagawa
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- Ti anodizing technique has been offered for coloring the surface of Ti, and its mechanism is understood by light interference varied with the oxide thickness. A characteristic of this study is to control the crystallinity of the oxide, and its originality is to provide photo-induced characteristics to Ti and its alloys by controlling the electrochemical conditions differed from that of coloration technology. This study is aimed for controlling the surface of Ti by using a simple and easy, inexpensive technique and to fabricate high functional titanium materials.
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Related to practical applications, it is considered as a use for environmental purification such as deodorization and water purification, biomaterial and antibacterial and structural titanium.
Researchers
Institute for Materials Research
Naoya Masahashi
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- Hybrid materials that show multi-functions of polymer and nanoparticles are expected to be used in future industries, and thus many research and development have been actively conducted. However, since the affinity of polymer and inorganic nanoparticles is very low, in most of the cases, properties of different materials are incompatible in the hybrid materials. To create the hybrid materials with incompatible multi-functions has been considered a difficult task.
- However, by using supercritical fluid technology, we have succeeded in making hybrid materials with incompatible multi-functions.
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Now, variety of hybrid materials are being developed, including ・Transparent, flexible, high reflective index, and high fabricability, ・Flexible, high heat conductivity, low electric resistivity, and high fabricability.
Researchers
Advanced Institute for Materials Research
Tadafumi Ajiri
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- 特徴・独自性
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- Material properties and characteristics of the product as a raw material powder are dependent on the particle packing structure as well as the chemical composition. Sophisticated control of the powder processing such as mixing and grinding is strongly required. In our laboratory, we are creating the simulation method as a tool for controlling the powder processing and optimizing the powder process for achieving a resource-saving and energy-saving by the computer simulation.
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We are conducting research on analysis/optimization of powder processing such as grinding, mixing, and packing by using simulation, metal recycle from urban mine through active utilization of mechanochemical effect, and generation of energy from biomass.
Researchers
Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials
KANO Junya
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- 特徴・独自性
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- The high-temperature strength in Co-based alloys is inferior to that in Ni-based superalloys due to no available ’ phase for strengthening Co-based alloys. We have found a new intermetallic compound Co3(Al,W) ’ phase, and /’ Co-Al-W-based wrought and cast alloys show excellent high-temperature strength. The /’ Ir-Al-W-based alloys are also available for high-temperature uses at over 1100 °C. The Co-based alloys also have good wear resistance. For example, friction stir welding (FSW) of high-softening-temperature materials such as steels and titanium alloys is possible using a Co-based alloy tool. We hope to conduct collaborative research with willing company for a practical application of the Co- or Ir-based alloys for high-temperature uses including FSW applications.
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Researchers
Graduate School of Engineering
Toshihiro Omori
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- Numerical simulations of the physical environment of urban outdoor spaces are conducted to predict the physical environment, such as temperature, humidity, wind, and pollutant concentration, and field measurements are conducted to understand the actual physical environment. In addition, the future outdoor environments and heat stroke risks due to global warming are predicted and evaluated.
Furthermore, the impacts of urban morphology (building shape and layout, street trees, etc.) on the adaptation to severe heat in summer and rare typhoons and floods are evaluated quantitatively.
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Numerical analysis is used to quantitatively evaluate the "merits and demerits" of designing buildings, planning city blocks and urban areas, and introducing various heat control technologies on the wider thermal environment and the formation of wind ventilation paths, as well as the adverse effects of typhoons and other disasters. The materials for making decisions on whether or not to introduce these technologies are provided.
Researchers
Graduate School of Engineering
Yasuyuki Ishida
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- 特徴・独自性
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- We have been developing methods for explicating the dominant factors that determine the physical and chemical properties of materials and stacked structures used in human societies. Since the number of element atoms which consists of advanced materials has been increasing, and the crystallographic structure of the materials has become very complicated, both the various properties and reliability of the materials fluctuate significantly in nano-scale, and thus, deteriorate easily due to the local damages of the materials.
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To design the optimal structure, composition of materials, and the fabrication process of both materials and stacked structures, we are going to develop a method of analyzing the atomic structure of thin film materials based on quantum mechanics and experimental methods for measuring material properties, atomic scale damage or defects in nano-materials.
Researchers
Graduate School of Engineering
Hideo Miura
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- 特徴・独自性
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- Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is induced by age-related decline of testosterone synthesis, which leads to decrease muscle and sexual nature as well as mental symptoms such as depression. Now great attention is focused on prevention and amelioration of LOH via ingestion of foods and supplements.
- We developed screening system of functional ingredients from food extracts for anti-LOH using testis-derived cells, and clarified that vitamins, nutraceuticals, and edible plant extracts have potentiating activities for the production of testosterone.
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Researchers
Graduate School of Agricultural Science
SHIRAKAWA Hitoshi
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- 特徴・独自性
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- Most of my research to date have been related to hydrothermal technology (e.g., super/subcritical water technologies), supercritical fluid (CO₂) and subcritical fluid (DME) extraction technologies, inorganic materials synthesis, coal chemistry, biomass conversion, microalgae extraction, and waste recycling. And I have a lot of experimence on the practial application of chemical engineering. The current research themes include spent lithium-ion battery recycling, waste plastic recycling, and automation and intelligence of chemical experiments.
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Spent lithium-ion battery recycling and waste plastic recycling
Researchers
Graduate School of Engineering
Qingxin Zheng
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- Podoplanin (PDPN/Aggrus/T1α), a platelet aggregation-inducing mucin-like sialoglycoprotein, is highly expressed in many cancers and normal tissues. A neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb; NZ-1) can block the association between podoplanin and C-type lectin-like receptor-2 (CLEC-2) and inhibit podoplanin-induced cancer metastasis, but NZ-1 reacts with podoplanin-expressing normal cells such as lymphatic endothelial cells. Recently, we established a platform to produce cancer-specific mAbs (CasMabs). The newly established LpMab-2 mAb reacted with podoplanin-expressing cancer cells but not with normal cells, as shown by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry; therefore, LpMab-2 is an anti-podoplanin CasMab that is expected to be useful for molecular targeting therapy against podoplanin-expressing cancers.
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We can produce cancer-specific mAbs (CasMabs) against all membranous proteins. CasMabs are expected to be useful for molecular targeting therapy without side effects.
Researchers
Graduate School of Medicine
Yukinari Kato
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- 特徴・独自性
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- Our laboratory conducts leading research on programming language theory and high-level computation models. In particular, we focus on research and application of (general proof methods for) program equivalence, functional programing, and type systems (also known as lightweight formal methods), which are attracting revived interests in recent years. Our Japanese translation of "Types and Programming Languages" (Benjamin C. Pierce, University of Pennsylvania)---compiled in cooperation with engineers from top-level electronics and software companies in Japan---has become the 42nd bestseller (rather exceptional as an academic Publications) among new books in Amazon.co.jp. For more information, please see the Web page: http://www.kb.ecei.tohoku.ac.jp/~sumii
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Our technology can be used for design and development of software artifacts, especially programming languages and tools including DSL (domain specific languages), as well as application of functional programming, type systems, or formal methods.
Researchers
Graduate School of Information Sciences
Eijiro Sumii
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- 特徴・独自性
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- For the moment resisting frames with fixed column bases, the soft story mechanism may occur during earthquake due to become plastic hinges at the bottom part of columns. This paper proposes the new support system on the first story whose columns consist of the reinforced concrete downside column and the steel topside column, and their joints with the anchor bolts and the shear plates are supposed to be pinned. It is possible for the frames with this support system to uniform the magnitude of the bending moment at column top and base, and to perform beam yielding mechanism for 6 and 9 story frames with 2.1 of the column-to-beam full plastic moment ratio.
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In this column support system, the 1st story column consists of steel topside column and reinforced concrete downside column, whose connection at the midstory performs as a pin. As the results, the steel moment resisting buildings with the new support system is capable to prevent the soft story mechanism on the first story, and beam-yielding mechanism is high likely performed. In addition, application of the system facilitates construction of the buildings, compared to those supported by embedded base, and reduces construction cost.
Researchers
Graduate School of Engineering
Yoshihiro Kimura
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- 特徴・独自性
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- Nonvolatile devices, which can remain stored data without power supply, are generally used for ROM (Read-Only Memory) to store boot programs (the information to start up the computer and the basic instructions that operate it) in computers. One attractive feature is that it does not consume any static power while it remains stored data. ‘Nonvolatile logic' is a novel logic style that a nonvolatile device is used for not only a nonvolatile storage element such as ROM but also a logic-circuit element which is the basic component of a CPU and an entire system. By using the nonvolatile devices as storage elements of circuit-configuration information, we can realize a process-variation- aware logic circuit with small hardware overhead.
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The proposed technique is effective for implementing high-performance and highly-reliable LSI fabricated with cutting-edge process technology. We expect we can conduct effective collaborative research in highly reliable VLSI-systems fields.
Researchers
Research Institute of Electrical Communication
Takahiro Hanyu
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