"B" Keywords - 79 Result(s)

 B

[biomaterial]

Oral Biofilm Functional Analysis: from “What Are They?" to “What Are They Doing?"

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特徴・独自性
  • A large number of microorganisms inhabit the oral cavity, such as the teeth, gingiva and tongue, in the form of oral biofilm. The oral cavity forms an ecosystem where the host (humans) and parasites (microorganisms) coexist. Disruption of the balance of this oral ecosystem leads to dental caries, periodontal diseases and oral malodor, and even deterioration of dental materials.
  • Using leading-edge techniques of anaerobic experimental systems including original and unique devices, as well as the notion of "omics" such as metagenomics and metabolomics, we conduct research on oral biofilm functions. Knowledge of oral biofilms, from "what are they?" to "what are they doing?", enables us to address their control, that is, prevention of and therapy for oral biofilm-associated diseases.
実用化イメージ

Risk assessment of oral biofilm-associated diseases, such as dental caries, periodontal disease, oral malodor and aspiration pneumonia
Effects of medicine and food ingredients on oral biofilm function
Evaluation of biofilm-mediated material deterioration

Researchers

Graduate School of Dentistry

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Novel CoCr-based superelastic metallic biomaterial with low Young's modulus

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特徴・独自性
  • General metallic biomaterials, such as stainless steels and conventional CoCr alloys, show a high Young's modulus ten times higher than that of human bones. This is an unfavored feature because it causes the so-called "stress shielding effect" when they are used as implants. β-type Ti alloys have a relatively lower Young's modulus, but they come with a compromise of low wear resistance. The current novel CoCr-based alloys are a breakthrough; they exhibit both a low Young's modulus similar to human bones and a high wear and corrosion resistance. Moreover, they exhibit superelasticity with a huge recoverable strain over 17%, also showing promise as shape memory alloys.
実用化イメージ

It is the first time that a low Young's modulus, a high corrosion and wear resistance, and a superior superelastic behavior are simultaneously obtained in a single material. The current novel CoCr-based alloys are promising for biomedical applications such as total hip or knee joint replacements, bone plates, spinal fixation devices, and vascular stents.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Xiao Xu

[Biomaterials]

Photo-Induced Characteristics of TiO2 Prepared by Anodic Oxidation

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特徴・独自性
  • Ti anodizing technique has been offered for coloring the surface of Ti, and its mechanism is understood by light interference varied with the oxide thickness. A characteristic of this study is to control the crystallinity of the oxide, and its originality is to provide photo-induced characteristics to Ti and its alloys by controlling the electrochemical conditions differed from that of coloration technology. This study is aimed for controlling the surface of Ti by using a simple and easy, inexpensive technique and to fabricate high functional titanium materials.
実用化イメージ

Related to practical applications, it is considered as a use for environmental purification such as deodorization and water purification, biomaterial and antibacterial and structural titanium.

Researchers

Institute for Materials Research

Naoya Masahashi

[biomechanics]

Development of Fall-Prevention Footwear Based on Mechanical Analysis of Slip-Related Falls

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特徴・独自性
  • The number of fatalities due to falling accidents indoor/outdoor has increased in Japan as well as in other advanced countries. The fatalities due to falling accidents in a year have exceeded those due to traffic accidents in Japan recently. Because more than 80% of the fatalities are elderly people, it is considered an urgent issue to prevent their falling. We have conducted researches on falling during walking due to induced slip, in the contact interface of shoe sole and floor, through tribological and biomechanical approaches. We clarified the required values of static friction coefficient (figure 1), between shoe sole and floor, and how to gait to prevent slipping through kinetic analysis of gait. We also succeeded in the development of a unique footwear outsole having the high-grip property (figure 2) and high slip-resistant concrete pavement blocks (figure 3) through the collaboration with regional companies. We have recently conducted research and development of footwear that is able to prevent falls due to balance loss after slipping.
実用化イメージ

Products for fall prevention in daily life or in work site. Evaluation of slip resistance of footwear and floor materials.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Takeshi Yamaguchi

[Biomedical imaging]

Visualization of Biological Microstructure with High Frequency Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging

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特徴・独自性
  • "Features"
  • High-resolution imaging of biological tissue is non-invasively obtained with high frequency ultrasound. We have developed some ultrasound microscope systems which realized the resolution of 15-micron with 100 MHz and resolution to visualize a single cell with GHz range ultrasound. Ultrasonic imaging provides not only tissue morphology but also information on tissue elasticity. Recently, we have developed a real-time three-dimensional photoacoustic imaging system for visualization of subcutaneous micro vasculature and oxygen saturation.
  • "Targeted Application(s)/Industry"
  • High frequency ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging is repeatedly and non-invasively applied for early diagnosis of atherosclerosis, skin aging and tissue metabolism. They are useful for efficacy assessment of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. High frequency ultrasound is also applied in the industrial areas where thickness measurement of opaque film or bilayer thin coating with the precision of 0.1 micron is required.
実用化イメージ

Researchers

Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering

Yoshifumi Saijo

[Biometrics Authentication]

Visual Computing with Secure ICT in the Big Data Era

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特徴・独自性
  • Our study focuses on sensing, processing, recognition, understanding, and analysis of enormous visual data collected in real-world environments. We have invented a set of advanced techniques of sub-pixel image analysis using phase-based image matching. Potential applications include personal recognition using various biometric traits (e.g., face, fingerprint, palm print, finger knuckle print, iris, and medical radiographs), machine vision, multi-view 3D reconstruction, image database search, and medical image computing. We are also studying fundamental techniques for building secure ICT infrastructure for the big data era; our research interests include tamper-resistant cryptographic processing and biometrics-based secure remote authentication.
実用化イメージ

We can provide collaboration and information exchange services for industries and other research organizations in the fields of image processing, computer vision, information security, biometrics, LSI design, and embedded system technologies. Many researchers and engineers from various companies, universities, and research institutions have visited our laboratory regardless of their technology fields. Our staff at the Intelligent Information System (IIS) Research Center will welcome potential collaborators: info@iisrc.ecei.tohoku.ac.jp

Researchers

Administrative Staff

Takafumi Aoki

[biomineralization]

Peptide and Protein Designs for Unexplored Fileds

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特徴・独自性
  • I am proposing methodologies to design recombinant peptides and proteins with appropriate structures and functions in the medicinal, environmental, material, and nanotechnological fields, with molecular evolutional and domain shuffling engineering. At present, we have constructed the methodologies for efficient renaturation of functional proteins from inclusion bodies expressed in bacteria, generation of peptides and proteins with the function of biomineralization, generation of peptides and proteins with affinity for inorganic materials to spontaneously make linkages between various nanomaterials, and high enhancement of cellulolytic enzyme activity induced by nanoclustering design on nanomaterials.
実用化イメージ

We hope the business partners in the in the medicinal, environmental, material, and nanotechnological fields would be interested in my approaches and we could conduct effective collaboration research with them.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Mitsuo Umetsu

[biorefinery]

Peptide and Protein Designs for Unexplored Fileds

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特徴・独自性
  • I am proposing methodologies to design recombinant peptides and proteins with appropriate structures and functions in the medicinal, environmental, material, and nanotechnological fields, with molecular evolutional and domain shuffling engineering. At present, we have constructed the methodologies for efficient renaturation of functional proteins from inclusion bodies expressed in bacteria, generation of peptides and proteins with the function of biomineralization, generation of peptides and proteins with affinity for inorganic materials to spontaneously make linkages between various nanomaterials, and high enhancement of cellulolytic enzyme activity induced by nanoclustering design on nanomaterials.
実用化イメージ

We hope the business partners in the in the medicinal, environmental, material, and nanotechnological fields would be interested in my approaches and we could conduct effective collaboration research with them.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Mitsuo Umetsu

[Biosensor]

Bio-Hybrid MEMS for Medical, Environmental and Food Engineering

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特徴・独自性
  • We have developed original manufacturing techniques for bio-hybrid MEMSs that utilize special functions of bio-elements, proteins and living cells, for molecular selective sensing and power generation from natural fuels.
  • (1) Conducting polymer electrodes printed on hydrogels (image 1)
  • (2) Dynamic control of bio-adhesion by electrochemical means (image 2)
  • (3) Micro Biofuel Cells with flexible enzyme electrode patches (image 3)
実用化イメージ

We hope to conduct collaborative research with a willing company for a practical application of these technologies in industry.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Matsuhiko Nishizawa

Bio-inspired engineering for energy and biological applications

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特徴・独自性
  • Our goal is "bio-inspired engineering" to create new functions that exhibit functions beyond the nature systems by learning from their superior functions and incorporating them into creating materials and devices. For example, the development of surface treatment and adhesives learned from mussels, the development of anti-biofouling substrates learned from pitcher plants, the design of non-platinum catalysts for highly active fuel cells (hydrogen, enzymes, microbes, etc.) learned from hemoglobin, and needle-type biosensors learned from biological needles.
実用化イメージ

Based on electrochemistry and polymer chemistry, I provide technologies and expertise in the energy, biotechnology, and electrical and electronic fields, including metal-air batteries, fuel cells, surface treatment, adhesion, biosensors, etc.

Researchers

Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences

Hiroya Abe

[Biosignal processing LSI]

Development of Biomedical Micro/Nano Integrated System Using LSI Technology

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特徴・独自性
  • Semiconductor neural engineering is a discipline that uses semiconductor process/device/circuit technologies to further understand properties of neural systems and to create novel fusion systems of living body and machine.
実用化イメージ

One of the goals in this laboratory is to establish semiconductor neural engineering and develop biomedical micro/nano integrated systems.
Another goal is to educate the next generation of leaders in biomedical engineering through research including:
1. Intelligent Si neural probe and biomedical signal processing LSI
2. Fully-implantable retinal prosthesis system
3. Bio/nano technology and novel Bio-FET sensor
4. 3-dimensional integration technology and analog/digital LSI design

Researchers

Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering

Tetsu Tanaka

[biosurfactant]

Monomer-Recycle System of Biodegradable Plastics by Industrial Fungal Fermentation and Application of Fungal Biosurfactant Proteins to Nanoparticles for Medical Use

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特徴・独自性
  • In Japan, solid-phase fungal fermentation systems using the industrial fungus Aspergillus oryzae have been extensively used for producing fermented foods such as soy sauce and sake; the annual production volume of the products is over one million tons. The efficient enzymatic hydrolyzing systems are expected to be applicable to biological recycling of biodegradable plastics. We found that A. oryzae can effectively degrade polybutylene succinate-coadipate (PBSA) by the combination with an esterase (cutinase) CutL1 and novel surfactant proteins, RolA and HsbA that are attached to the surface of PBSA and then recruit CutL1. The recruitment of Cutl1 by the surfactants stimulated PBSA degradation.
実用化イメージ

The fungal biosurfactant protein is applicable to industrial recycling of biodegradable plastics and to production of immune-response free nano-particles for medical use.

Researchers

Graduate School of Agricultural Science

Keietsu Abe

[Bitcoin 2.0]

Blockchain-based Approachs for High Secure P2P-type Decentralized Cloud Storage and Practical Smart Contract for Trading Personal Data

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特徴・独自性
  • We are developing a decentralized P2P (Peer to Peer) type cloud storage that realizes innovative level of security by use of surplus storages of P2P nodes with the Blockchain technology. The developed storage can avoid the risk of large-scale information leakage of stored data due to the weakness of the central server. By using our cryptographic currency for rewards and usage fees in the storage, fair storage usage of all users can also be achieved.
  • In addition, We are developing a unique smart contract technology for practical decentralized trading of personal data among an unspecified number of users.
実用化イメージ

We hope to conduct collaborative researches with companies developing Bitcoin 2.0 type application (e.g. smart contract, Fintech) based on the Blockchain technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, Medical Database for practical use.

Researchers

Center for Data-driven Science and Artificial Intelligence

Masao Sakai

[blended learning]

Applying Blended Learning to Special Needs Education

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特徴・独自性
  • I am interested in the human communication process and the man-machine interaction in some educational situation. I conducted interviews, questionnaires, behavior observations and experiments of students with special educational needs, their parents and teachers to investigate the needs, accessibility, usability, efficacy and its factors of blended learning and digital learning materials.
実用化イメージ

The outcomes of our research will make contribution to the design and development of teaching/learning materials and methods.

Researchers

Graduate School of Education

Masayuki Kumai

[Blockchain]

Blockchain-based Approachs for High Secure P2P-type Decentralized Cloud Storage and Practical Smart Contract for Trading Personal Data

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特徴・独自性
  • We are developing a decentralized P2P (Peer to Peer) type cloud storage that realizes innovative level of security by use of surplus storages of P2P nodes with the Blockchain technology. The developed storage can avoid the risk of large-scale information leakage of stored data due to the weakness of the central server. By using our cryptographic currency for rewards and usage fees in the storage, fair storage usage of all users can also be achieved.
  • In addition, We are developing a unique smart contract technology for practical decentralized trading of personal data among an unspecified number of users.
実用化イメージ

We hope to conduct collaborative researches with companies developing Bitcoin 2.0 type application (e.g. smart contract, Fintech) based on the Blockchain technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, Medical Database for practical use.

Researchers

Center for Data-driven Science and Artificial Intelligence

Masao Sakai

[blood flow]

Biomodel for Development of Endovascular Treatment

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特徴・独自性
  • We perform in-vitro or computational researches for development of medical devices. We develop a model of artery or bone to evaluate medical devices. And we apply optimization way for development of medical devices. Our main target is, currently, stent, or catheter.
実用化イメージ

Our collaboration company can be; medical equipment, device, medical image, MEMS, standardization, medical training, or polymer.

Researchers

Institute of Fluid Science

Makoto Ohta

[blue light]

Lethal effects of blue light on insects

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特徴・独自性
  • We revealed the strong lethal effect of short-wavelength visible light (blue light: 400–500 nm) on insects. That is, we found that blue light irradiation by using a common light-emitting diode (LED) can kill the eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults of various orders of insects. Our findings will provide clean and safe pest-control technique as well as important information on the hazards of exposure to visible light.
実用化イメージ

Researchers

Graduate School of Agricultural Science

Masatoshi Hori

[bonding]

Room temperature bonding using thin metal films (Atomic Diffusion Bonding)

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特徴・独自性
  • Atomic diffusion bonding of two flat wafers with thin metal films is a promising process to achieve wafer bonding at room temperature. High surface energies of metal films and a large atomic diffusion coefficient at the grain boundaries and film surfaces enable bonding at room temperature without unusually high loading pressure. This technique, which enables bonding of any mirror-polished wafer, is gaining wider use for fabricating optical and electrical devices. Moreover, bonding of mirror polished metals and polymer sheets can be achieved, which further extends the application of this bonding technique.
実用化イメージ

Optical, power and electrical devices, MEMS, bonding of polymer sheets, metals, and ceramics for precision mechanical equipments.

Researchers

Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences

Takehito Shimatsu

[Bone]

Skeletal Regulation of Energy Metabolism

特徴・独自性
  • This project studies the influence of bone on energy metabolism in the body through health and disease.
実用化イメージ

This project may come up with new tools for metabolic syndrome prediction, therapy and diagnosis .

Researchers

Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences

Aseel Mahmoud Suleiman Marahleh

[bone regeneration]

DIFFERENTIATION INDUCING METHOD ENABLING TUMORIGENESIS OF IPS CELLS TO BE SUPPRESSED

特徴・独自性
  • The present invention relates to a technique for differentiating iPS cells into target differentiated cells while suppressing tumorigenesis in the iPS cells. In use of a statin and a differentiation inducer, iPS cells are differentiated into target differentiated cells, whereby iPS cells can be differentiated into differentiated cells in which tumorigenesis is suppressed.
実用化イメージ

Researchers

Graduate School of Dentistry

Hiroshi Egusa