"C" Keywords - 122 Result(s)

 C

[concrete 3D printing]

[Confined Liquids]

Development of Nano-Interface Chemistry for Materials Sciences Using Surface Forces Measurement

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特徴・独自性
  • Our research aims at developing methods, including instrumentation, for characterizing surface (or interface) at the nano-meter level. Most of our research subjects are related to the surface forces measurement, which can directly monitor the interaction between two surfaces. We study phenomena occurring at the solid-liquid interface such as adsorption and structuring of liquids. We have developed the resonance shear measurement which is a sensitive method for evaluating properties of confined liquid for nano-rheology and tribology. Twin-path surface forces apparatus we developed enabled us to study wide variety of samples such as metals, ceramics and plastics.
実用化イメージ

These methods are applicable for characterizing lubricants, nano-materials, paints, sealants, and cosmetics. We hope to conduct collaborative research with a willing company for a practical application of this technology in industry.

Researchers

New Industry Creation Hatchery Center

Kazue Kurihara

[Conjugated cholesterol metabolites]

Discovery of diagnostic markers by metabolomics

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特徴・独自性
  • Losing cholesterol homeostasis with inborn errors of metabolisms or hepatobiliary diseases makes a change to in vivo cholesterol metabolism profile and causes the emergence of increased metabolites as conjugates in blood and urine. We have developed an LC/ESI-MS/MS method using fragment patterns characteristic of conjugation types for group-specific and comprehensive analysis of conjugated cholesterol metabolites. This method can contribute for an efficient discovery of diagnostic marker candidates toward various diseases.
実用化イメージ

After availability verification of candidates as diagnostic markers, it will be required screening tests. We have potential to collaborate with company for development of bioassay systems using antibodies or enzymes.

Researchers

Tohoku University Hospital

Nariyasu Mano

[Connective tissue disease]

Development of preventive medicine for aortic aneurysm and dissection of Marfan syndrome

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特徴・独自性
  • Marfan’s syndrome (MF) is a severe, systemic disorder of connective tissue formation. A variety of MFS therapies have been developed, including surgical therapy for aortic root aneurysm and dissection (AAD) that are life-threatening, traditional medical therapies such as β-adrenergic receptor or angiotensin II receptor blockers for slow aortic growth and to decrease the risk of AAD. However these treatments did not prevent tissue destruction in the AAD of MF. To develop preventive strategy for AAD, it will be necessary to identify molecular mechanisms of microfibril formation and an appropriate fibrillin-1 microfibril associated molecule. Recently, ADAMTSL6β, which is a microfibril-associated extracellular matrix protein contributes the regeneration of microfibril by promoting fibrillin-microfibril assembly. We try to develop ADAMTSL6β as a preventive medicine for AAD of MF by regeneration of fibrillin-1 microfibril assembly.
実用化イメージ

Researchers

Graduate School of Dentistry

Masahiro Saito

[consumer preference]

Leveraging Telepsychology to Improve Access to Mental Health Support

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概要

The importance of mental health has been widely recognized. Nevertheless, in Japan, the treatment gap remains unresolved. On the user side, there are barriers such as stigma and time/financial costs associated with help-seeking. On the provider side, challenges include the difficulty of matching clients with appropriate psychological support. Telepsychology has the potential to solve these issues. My research focuses on online psychological support and examines its effectiveness and potential applications.

従来技術との比較

Previous studies have focused on examining the effectiveness of various forms of online psychological support. However, whether telepsychology improves people’s help-seeking have been underexamined. My research investigates both the effectiveness of telepsychology and explores appropriate service provision to enhance people’s help-seeking.

特徴・独自性
  • • My research goes beyond showing the “effectiveness” of online psychological support and focuses on improving accessibility, aiming for outcomes that are practical and useful in society.
  • • It examines both user factors (such as stigma and costs) and provider factors (such as matching difficulties).
  • • Based on empirical evidence, it explores better ways of delivering services so that psychological support becomes easier to access.
実用化イメージ

The goal of this research is to improve access to psychological support services, contributing to early intervention and the maintenance of mental health and well-being. There is potential for collaboration with companies providing mental health-related services, organizations promoting employee health management and corporate wellness, as well as ICT-based medical and welfare service developers.

Researchers

Graduate School of Education

Schlemper Lenna

[Consumer protection]

Consumer evaluation of the binding nature of terms and conditions in online transactions.

概要

In light of the increase in online transactions since the onset of the pandemic, this study examines how consumers' tendency to agree to terms and conditions without reading them in detail affects
consumers' perception of binding force of fine print contracts. Building on previous research in the United States, we conducted an online experiment targeting Japanese consumers and analysed their responses to different virtual scenarios involving financial products and sports clubs, including fraudulent conditions.

従来技術との比較

Unlike previous studies, which focused on face-to-face transactions, this study examines online transactions in Japan. It takes a unique approach by investigating the impact of website explanations, the stepwise effect of consumers' purchase behavior, and the effect of different transaction targets, such as financial products and sports clubs.

特徴・独自性
  • The following findings were obtained from the online experiment.
  • (1) In online transactions, the presence of terms and conditions makes consumers strongly aware of their binding nature. Even if the terms and conditions contain unfair contents, consumers believe that they have 'agreed' to them and are bound by them simply by virtue of their existence and the act of clicking or tapping on them.
  • (2) The effect of explanations on websites in strengthening the binding force of terms and conditions is limited.
  • (3) The evaluation of the binding nature of terms and conditions by consumers varies depending on the type of transaction, e.g. financial products versus sports club memberships. In everyday sports club transactions, consumers tend to evaluate unfair conditions more strictly.
実用化イメージ

The results of this study suggest two practical measures for creating a fair trading environment: policy formulation and legal reform.
(1) Consumer protection laws and cancellation rules must be strengthened to prevent unfair trading practices.
(2) Since the impact of binding rules varies depending on the type of goods and services, it is necessary to formulate sector-specific policies.

Researchers

Graduate School of Law

Hatsuru Morita

[Consumers]

Consumer evaluation of the binding nature of terms and conditions in online transactions.

概要

In light of the increase in online transactions since the onset of the pandemic, this study examines how consumers' tendency to agree to terms and conditions without reading them in detail affects
consumers' perception of binding force of fine print contracts. Building on previous research in the United States, we conducted an online experiment targeting Japanese consumers and analysed their responses to different virtual scenarios involving financial products and sports clubs, including fraudulent conditions.

従来技術との比較

Unlike previous studies, which focused on face-to-face transactions, this study examines online transactions in Japan. It takes a unique approach by investigating the impact of website explanations, the stepwise effect of consumers' purchase behavior, and the effect of different transaction targets, such as financial products and sports clubs.

特徴・独自性
  • The following findings were obtained from the online experiment.
  • (1) In online transactions, the presence of terms and conditions makes consumers strongly aware of their binding nature. Even if the terms and conditions contain unfair contents, consumers believe that they have 'agreed' to them and are bound by them simply by virtue of their existence and the act of clicking or tapping on them.
  • (2) The effect of explanations on websites in strengthening the binding force of terms and conditions is limited.
  • (3) The evaluation of the binding nature of terms and conditions by consumers varies depending on the type of transaction, e.g. financial products versus sports club memberships. In everyday sports club transactions, consumers tend to evaluate unfair conditions more strictly.
実用化イメージ

The results of this study suggest two practical measures for creating a fair trading environment: policy formulation and legal reform.
(1) Consumer protection laws and cancellation rules must be strengthened to prevent unfair trading practices.
(2) Since the impact of binding rules varies depending on the type of goods and services, it is necessary to formulate sector-specific policies.

Researchers

Graduate School of Law

Hatsuru Morita

[containers and packaging recycling]

Developing plastic waste sorter using Terahertz waves and social implementation of sustainable recycling technology

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概要

This research utilizes the characteristics of terahertz waves, used in next-generation communications and autonomous driving, to identify the materials of plastic waste. It improves existing recycling technologies and can be applied to evaluate the quality of recycled plastics, ensuring stable production of high-quality recycled plastics. It enables easy development of devices to solve various issues in containers and packaging and automobile recycling, contributing to the realization of decarbonization and a circular economy.

従来技術との比較

Conventional plastic waste identification and sorting technologies use specific gravity sorting or near-infrared devices. Particularly, near-infrared sorting technology has accumulated an enormous amount of data and serves as the primary sorting technology in plastic recycling plants. However, near-infrared devices struggle with identifying black plastics, additives, and degradation. This technology uses terahertz waves to measure and evaluate transmission and absorption characteristics, allowing for identification of black plastics, additives, and degradation.

特徴・独自性
  • In recent years, there has been increasing global attention on plastic waste issues, such as marine pollution from drifting garbage and microplastics, the overseas export of plastic waste resources, and the increase in disposable containers like plastic bags and straws, especially due to the impact of COVID-19. There is growing demand for advanced identification and recycling of plastic waste materials, especially in the context of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and realizing a circular economy.
  • The research group from Tohoku University, Shibaura Institute of Technology, and Shizuoka University has conducted research on the commercialization of advanced sorting devices for plastic packaging waste. We have successfully identified mixed plastics containing black plastics, additives, and flame retardants, which were difficult to identify with existing devices, by utilizing the characteristics of terahertz waves. We have also confirmed the ability of terahertz waves in assessing degradation caused by UV or long-term use. Furthermore, the method has been shown to be effective for distinguishing bioplastics, which is expected to see increasing demand in the future, in addition to plastic waste from container packaging, automobiles, and home appliances.
  • These identification technologies can be applied to properly sort plastic waste generated by the “The Plastic Resource Circulation Act,” enacted in 2022, contributing greatly to securing high-quality recycled resources through plastic waste resource recycling.
  • Our research group conducts interdisciplinary research with experts in various fields: social engineering, resource circulation (Professor Jeongsoo YU), optical engineering (Professor Tadao TANABE of Shibaura Institute of Technology and Professor Tetsuo SASAKI of Shizuoka University), information science and big data analysis (Associate Professor Kazuaki OKUBO), data collection and analysis, international cooperation (Specially Appointed Lecturer Gaku MANAGO), social experiments, and behavioral economics (Assistant Professor Xiaoyue LIU). We address the needs from social, economic, and environmental issues both domestically and internationally, working from diverse perspectives to solve challenges and contribute to the creation of a sustainable society. Collaboration and networking with private companies, government agencies, research institutions, and civic organizations are also expected.
実用化イメージ

This technology can be applied to the development of plastic waste identification and sorting devices from processes such as containers and packaging recycling, automobile recycling, and home appliance recycling, as well as the production and quality evaluation of recycled plastics.

Researchers

Graduate School of International Cultural Studies

Jeongsoo Yu

[continuous productin ]

A Novel Process for Continuous Production of High Quality Biodiesel with Ion-Exchange Resin Catalysts

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特徴・独自性
  • We successfully developed a continuous production process for high-quality biodiesel. This production technology is very simple, just passing through the reactors packed with ion-exchange resins without complicated upstream and downstream processes, which provide additional production cost and environmental stress and the entire process is fully automatic. With this technology, you can easily produce high-quality biodiesel from various cheaper oils with fatty acid content up to 100%.
実用化イメージ

This innovative technology succeeds in solving the serious problems in the current biodiesel production, restriction by shortage of feedstock supply and the unstable quality of biodiesel due to the soap formation. This technology also applies to the production of fatty acid methyl ester, a starting material for surfactant production, which is an important intermediate step in oleochemistry.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Naomi Kitakawa

[Control of Large Degree-of-Freedom System]

Understanding Biological Control Systems and its Application to Development of Life-Like Resilient Systems

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特徴・独自性
  • In contrast to artificial systems, living organisms exhibit astoundingly adaptive and resilient properties. One of the central research goals in our laboratory is to endow artificial systems with similar properties. To this end, we are particularly focusing on the concept of autonomous decentralized control. We have so far successfully developed various types of robots on the basis of decentralized control, including amoeboid robots, snake-like robots, legged robots etc., in collaboration with mathematicians and biologists.
実用化イメージ

Development of adaptive autonomous robotic system, Control of Large D.O.F. system

Researchers

Research Institute of Electrical Communication

Akio Ishiguro

[Convergent-beam electron diffraction]

Nano-Scale Total-Analysis Based on TEM

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特徴・独自性
  • Our lab develops accurate nanometer scale characterization methods of crystal structures by convergent-beam electron diffraction (<strong>CBED</strong>) and electronic structures by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy (<strong>SXES</strong>) for evaluating new functional materials. For performing crystal structure studies, we developed a new Ω-filter electron microscope and a refinement soft-ware, which can perform not only atom positions but also electrostatic potential and charge distributions. For electronic structure studies, a high-resolution EELS microscope and SXES instruments were developed.
実用化イメージ

Collaborated research of Local structures (symmetry, polarity, lattice defects) by CBED and electronic structures (bandgap, dielectric property and chemical state) by EELS and SXES on semiconductors, metals and dielectric materials are acceptable. Instructions of those analysis methods are also acceptable.

Researchers

Organization for Research Promotion

Masami Terauchi

[corporate social responsibility]

Business Administration and Corporate Social Responsibility

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特徴・独自性
  • My research areas are primarily business ethics, nonprofit organization (NPO) and business and society. I have explored these fields in epistemological, ethical, or managerial approaches from various theoretical points of view. Some of themes that I study now are on how companies should recognize ethical issues on a cognitive formed framework or how companies should create a dialogue between the company and stakeholders (consumers and employees, etc.) through PL (product liability) or labor litigation process.
実用化イメージ

I have also experiences in engaging with a domestic manufacturer in developing their PL cases and training programs as well as stating third-party opinions in CSR reports issued by a local power company. I am willing to give you any knowledge of these areas.

Researchers

Graduate School of Economics and Management

Yasunari Takaura

[corrosion]

Suppression of Intergranular Degradation of Polycrystalline Materials by Grain Boundary Engineering

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特徴・独自性
  • Intergranular degradation often results in decreased lifetime, reliability and economical efficiency of polycrystalline materials. In spite of persistent efforts to prevent such degradation, its complete suppression has not yet been achieved. Grain boundary studies have revealed that coincidence-site-lattice (CSL) boundaries have stronger resistance to intergranular degradations than random boundaries. The concept of ‘grain boundary design and control' has been refined as grain boundary engineering (GBE). GBEed materials which are characterized by high frequencies of CSL boundaries are resistant to intergranular degradations. Our group has achieved very high frequencies of CSL boundaries in commercial stainless steels by GBE. GBEed stainless steels showed significantly stronger resistance to intergranular corrosion (see Figs. 1 and 2), weld-decay, knife-line attack, stress corrosion cracking, liquid-metal embrittlement, radiation damage, etc. and much longer creep life (see Fig. 3) than the unGBEed ones.
実用化イメージ

By using this GBE processing, we expect to conduct effective collaborative research in related fields.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Yutaka Sato

Chemical imaging devices which operate in severe environments

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特徴・独自性
  • We developed both pH and Cl- imaging plates, which can visualize the pH and Cl- concentration on metal surfaces in acidic environments. The pH range is from 3.0 to 0.5, and Cl- concentration up to 4 M can be measured. Fluorescent dyes are successively used for pH and Cl- imaging in the field of biology, but their sensitivity tends to be insufficient in acidic and/or highly concentrated chloride solutions. A glass plate with a sol-gel sensing layer, which contains a pH indicator or a Cl- sensitive florescent dye was fabricated and validated using the solutions with various pH values and Cl- concentrations. Changes in the pH and Cl- distribution on stainless surface in an acidic environment were measured quantitatively.
実用化イメージ

The newly developed imaging plates can be used to investigate the mechanism of various chemical reactions, such as corrosion, which occurs in an acidic environment. Micro-flow imaging using our sensing technique will be a promising approach to understand the catalytic chemistry of metal surfaces.
強調

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Izumi Muto

Hydrogen embrittlement of high strength steels

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特徴・独自性
  • We are studying hydrogen embrittlement property of high strength steels from the aspects of both the effect of hydrogen on mechanical properties of high strength steels and hydrogen uptake behavior in corrosive environments. The topics of our study includes clarification of mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement of various steels, investigation of hydrogen entry caused by corrosion using electrochemical techniques, hydrogen visualization, proposing evaluation methods for hydrogen embrittlement property and so forth.
実用化イメージ

Collaborative research in the field of hydrogen embrittlement, for example, hydrogen embrittlement properties of high strength steels and the effects of metallographic structure and hydrogen traps, proposal of evaluation methods for hydrogen embrittlement property for some specific steel and for parts with specific shape, development of novel hydrogen visualization techniques.

Researchers

Institute for Materials Research

Eiji Akiyama

[corrosion resistance]

Novel CoCr-based superelastic metallic biomaterial with low Young's modulus

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特徴・独自性
  • General metallic biomaterials, such as stainless steels and conventional CoCr alloys, show a high Young's modulus ten times higher than that of human bones. This is an unfavored feature because it causes the so-called "stress shielding effect" when they are used as implants. β-type Ti alloys have a relatively lower Young's modulus, but they come with a compromise of low wear resistance. The current novel CoCr-based alloys are a breakthrough; they exhibit both a low Young's modulus similar to human bones and a high wear and corrosion resistance. Moreover, they exhibit superelasticity with a huge recoverable strain over 17%, also showing promise as shape memory alloys.
実用化イメージ

It is the first time that a low Young's modulus, a high corrosion and wear resistance, and a superior superelastic behavior are simultaneously obtained in a single material. The current novel CoCr-based alloys are promising for biomedical applications such as total hip or knee joint replacements, bone plates, spinal fixation devices, and vascular stents.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Xiao Xu

[cosmetics]

Colorful titanium oxide pigments without transition metals

概要

Colorful TiO2 Particle
https://www.t-technoarch.co.jp/data/anken_en/T19-849.pdf

従来技術との比較

Transition metal compounds are known to exhibit a wide variety of colors. Until now, it has been possible to color white titanium oxide by doping with transition metal ions, but it is difficult to avoid biotoxicity derived from transition metals.

特徴・独自性
  • In the present invention, titanium oxide inorganic pigments that do not contain transition metals and have various colors such as white, yellow, red, gray, green, purple, black, and skin color have been realized.
実用化イメージ

New applications of titanium oxide pigments are expected in the cosmetics field, where biotoxicity is an issue.

Researchers

Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials

Yin Shu

[Coupled computing]

Development of integrated safety management technology for hydrogen energy systems

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特徴・独自性
  • To investigate the diffusion and combustion phenomena of reactive hydrogen gas leakage when a high-pressure hydrogen tank fails due to crack propagation caused by an initial defect, we have developed a coupled analysis method that simultaneously analyzes the material structure and reactive turbulent multiphase flow through an interdisciplinary research approach. Furthermore, we have developed a new numerical prediction method related to the diffusion flow characteristics and combustion limits of hydrogen leaking due to crack propagation failure of high-pressure tank bulkheads.
実用化イメージ

We contribute to the design of hydrogen storage containers for various types of transportation equipment and the development of safety guidelines and risk management for hydrogen station configurations.

Researchers

Institute of Fluid Science

Jun Ishimoto

[Creation of Community Spaces]

Evaluating the Effects and Social Implementation of Community Sheds

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概要

To prevent loneliness and social isolation in middle-aged and older adults, this study aims to introduce the community-based initiative “Community Shed.” This initiative has been selected for the project-driven track of Tohoku University’s co-creation promotion project, “SOKAP-Connect Projects.” Community Sheds are originated in Australia, into Japan and to scientifically examine its effects. As the number of older adults living alone increases and more people lose a sense of purpose in life, Community Sheds are attracting attention as places that foster social connections and promote the formation of ikigai (a sense of meaning in life). This study is grounded in the theory of the “Social Cure,” which posits that group membership enhances health and well-being.

従来技術との比較

Conventional interventions have been effective in addressing objective indicators of social isolation but have shown only limited impact in alleviating subjective feelings of loneliness, and they have insufficiently addressed the social structures that generate isolation. In Japan in particular, the isolation of older men after retirement has become a serious issue, with few opportunities available for creating new purposes in life or for seeking consultation. Community Sheds aim not merely to provide opportunities for social interaction but to focus on the quality of social connections and the construction of social identity (a sense of belonging). They are designed to offer a space for autonomous and self-directed activities through which participants can cultivate both a sense of purpose and a sense of belonging.

特徴・独自性
  • In collaboration with the Japan Community Shed Association and JST-RISTEX, pilot Community Sheds have been established in Japan, including “Yorou-ya” and “Dandan-ya” in Mizukami Village, Kumamoto Prefecture, and “Pokke-Kotan” in Nishi Ward, Sapporo City, where their effectiveness is being evaluated. The results so far indicate reductions in feelings of loneliness, improvements in perceived physical health and cognitive function, and an expansion of group memberships and supportive relationships. Building on these findings, this project aims to develop a sustainable, Japan-specific system to prevent unwanted isolation and loneliness.
実用化イメージ

In collaboration with companies, there is strong potential for joint demonstration projects and service development in areas such as corporate health management, community engagement, and the promotion of well-being. For example, applications may include second-career support programs for retired employees, initiatives to extend healthy life expectancy, and integration with community-based CSR activities. In this way, Community Sheds can be developed as a model that simultaneously addresses societal challenges and enhances corporate value.

Researchers

Graduate School of Education

Ayahito Ito

[creep life]

Suppression of Intergranular Degradation of Polycrystalline Materials by Grain Boundary Engineering

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特徴・独自性
  • Intergranular degradation often results in decreased lifetime, reliability and economical efficiency of polycrystalline materials. In spite of persistent efforts to prevent such degradation, its complete suppression has not yet been achieved. Grain boundary studies have revealed that coincidence-site-lattice (CSL) boundaries have stronger resistance to intergranular degradations than random boundaries. The concept of ‘grain boundary design and control' has been refined as grain boundary engineering (GBE). GBEed materials which are characterized by high frequencies of CSL boundaries are resistant to intergranular degradations. Our group has achieved very high frequencies of CSL boundaries in commercial stainless steels by GBE. GBEed stainless steels showed significantly stronger resistance to intergranular corrosion (see Figs. 1 and 2), weld-decay, knife-line attack, stress corrosion cracking, liquid-metal embrittlement, radiation damage, etc. and much longer creep life (see Fig. 3) than the unGBEed ones.
実用化イメージ

By using this GBE processing, we expect to conduct effective collaborative research in related fields.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Yutaka Sato