Research Profiles

JP

"S" Keywords - 146 Result(s)

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[stainless steel]

Suppression of Intergranular Degradation of Polycrystalline Materials by Grain Boundary Engineering

 
 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • Intergranular degradation often results in decreased lifetime, reliability and economical efficiency of polycrystalline materials. In spite of persistent efforts to prevent such degradation, its complete suppression has not yet been achieved. Grain boundary studies have revealed that coincidence-site-lattice (CSL) boundaries have stronger resistance to intergranular degradations than random boundaries. The concept of ‘grain boundary design and control' has been refined as grain boundary engineering (GBE). GBEed materials which are characterized by high frequencies of CSL boundaries are resistant to intergranular degradations. Our group has achieved very high frequencies of CSL boundaries in commercial stainless steels by GBE. GBEed stainless steels showed significantly stronger resistance to intergranular corrosion (see Figs. 1 and 2), weld-decay, knife-line attack, stress corrosion cracking, liquid-metal embrittlement, radiation damage, etc. and much longer creep life (see Fig. 3) than the unGBEed ones.
実用化イメージ

By using this GBE processing, we expect to conduct effective collaborative research in related fields.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Yutaka Sato

[Statistical Mechanics]

Optimizing everything / Optimal Society

 
 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • Aiming at developing practical quantum optimization technology known as quantum annealing, we are working on exploring basic technologies that can overcome the limitations and applications in collaboration with multiple companies. The advantage of the method is that it can be used simply by formulating a cost function that draws the goal to be optimized once, but we are not limited to the original method. We extend it by considering a much easier problem, sequential optimization by learning, black box optimization, etc.. In particular, it is being applied to automated driving, logistics in factories, and evacuation guidance during disasters.
実用化イメージ

Applications to route search problems such as automatic driving of various vehicles, evacuation route guidance at the time of disaster, process scheduling and a large number of combination problems. We can provide a solution to combinatorial optimization in each industry. (Transportation / distribution, manufacturing, materials, drug discovery, etc.)

Researchers

Graduate School of Information Sciences

Masayuki Ohzeki

[Statistical Science]

Data Analytics for Creation of Social Values

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特徴・独自性
  • My research field is a data analytics for creation of social values by data science approaches. In modern society, we can observe various data sets about our daily life, business or community. I aim to create new services for it using such data set and methods of Bayesian modeling, data mining or machine learning.
実用化イメージ

Researchers

Graduate School of Economics and Management

Tsukasa Ishigaki

[statistics]

Advanced Analysis of Socio-Economical Data for Capturing Social Needs

 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • We have proposed advanced methods of behavior analysis for public transport service.
  • They include a demand composition based on the automatically mesured traffic data, estimation of true demand partly unrealized by the congestion, and intense usage of geographical data. These methods may be applicable for behavior analysis besides transport service.
実用化イメージ

We welcome cooperative research on demand analysis of public services, as well as needs analysis for new goods and services.

Researchers

International Research Institute of Disaster Science

Makoto Okumura

[Status attainment]

A Study on the Occupational Specificity of the Education System and Public Opinion.

概要

Research on international comparisons of education systems has focused on the value of vocational skills and qualifications in the labour market. This study uses new approaches and data analysis to address three research questions:
(1) How well do education levels and fields of study match occupation in Japanese society?
(2) What is the link between vocational education and social stratification?
(3) How do people perceive the issue of bearing the costs of supporting the education system?

従来技術との比較

Previous research has noted that providing more occupation-specific knowledge and skills through schooling (i.e. high occupational specificity) facilitates young people's transition into the labour market. While such trends have often been examined through macro-level comparisons of national education systems, this study reveals underlying patterns of educational attainment and occupational outcomes at the individual level. In addition, a novel analysis was conducted using survey experiment methods to examine how individuals perceive the financing of the education system.

特徴・独自性
  • When the relationship between educational attainment and occupation was decomposed into contributions between and within educational levels, it was found that the contribution attributable to academic discipline and major accounted for approximately 30%. One of the findings also challenges the conventional understanding that the link between fields of study in the humanities/social sciences and occupations is weak in the Japanese society.
  • Graduating from fields with stronger occupational specificity tends to yield better labour market outcomes. Furthermore, this tendency arises from graduates being matched with occupations that have strong ties to their specific field of study.
  • When analyzing public opinion on public spending on education, it was found that fiscal constraints reduce support, whereas public debt is more likely to be accepted.
実用化イメージ

As employment becomes increasingly unstable and the knowledge economy advances, the vocational function of the education system is coming under greater scrutiny. Against this backdrop, this research offers a fresh perspective on the issue of aligning the skills acquired at school with occupations in the labour market.
Furthermore, amid fiscal constraints stemming from a declining birth rate and ageing population, balancing the education system with other public expenditure is essential. This research can enhance our understanding of the processes through which public opinion is formed and polarized, while also providing insights to inform policy design.

Researchers

Graduate School of Arts and Letters

Katsunori Ogawa

[Steel Moment Resisting Frames]

[Stem Cell Response]

Bioimplants that are as close to natural teeth as possible

概要

By applying nanoscale surface modification to individually designed 3D-printed titanium implants based on CT data, a biomimetic microenvironment is recreated, enabling regeneration of periodontal ligament-like tissue through host stem cell induction. This provides a novel treatment approach without cell transplantation for cases where existing implants are difficult to adapt.

従来技術との比較

Conventional implant treatment assumes direct bonding with bone, thus disregarding the regeneration of periodontal tissues such as the periodontal ligament. Furthermore, some patients avoid treatment due to concerns about bone-cutting surgery and multiple invasive procedures. This technology utilizes a nano-surface to induce stem cells, forming periodontal tissues similar to natural teeth. This enables the restoration of natural occlusal sensation through a single minimally invasive procedure.

特徴・独自性
  • Custom-designed for each patient's root morphology, it reproduces natural force transmission and chewing sensation. Furthermore, by utilizing nanostructures to control cell adhesion and differentiation, it enables periodontal tissue reconstruction without the need for cell transplantation or regenerative factor administration.
実用化イメージ

In the future, we aim to collaborate with implant manufacturers to advance mass-production prototyping and quality evaluation, targeting practical application as a medical device. We also seek partnerships with companies and management talent who can jointly undertake strategic planning and clinical deployment for commercialization.

Researchers

Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering

Masahiro Yamada

[stent]

Biomodel for Development of Endovascular Treatment

 
 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • We perform in-vitro or computational researches for development of medical devices. We develop a model of artery or bone to evaluate medical devices. And we apply optimization way for development of medical devices. Our main target is, currently, stent, or catheter.
実用化イメージ

Our collaboration company can be; medical equipment, device, medical image, MEMS, standardization, medical training, or polymer.

Researchers

Institute of Fluid Science

Makoto Ohta

[step length]

Assessment of Physical Activities Using Wearable Sensors

 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • Maintaining appropriate amount of physical activity is essential for health and disease prevention. Gait is the most common type of physical activity in everyday life. Monitoring the amount of physical activity in everyday lives may benefit mainly those who are at threat of metabolic syndrome and overweight. Towards better estimation of the amount of physical activity utilizing wearable sensors, we focused on taking running and walking economy into account. The relationship between step length and oxygen uptake was first determined. Step length estimation with moderate accuracy was accomplished using acceleration signals during walking. Step length was then taken into energy expenditure calculation as one of the variables.
実用化イメージ

Together with the basic version of the current locomotion monitoring system capable of counting staircase climbing up & down, we managed to upgrade our locomotion monitoring system into 3 dimensional.

Researchers

Head Office of Enterprise Partnerships

Ryoichi Nagatomi

[Stereoscopic Display]

Interactive Content to Enrich Our Lives

 
 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • (1) Displays and Interactive Techniques
  • Designing original display systems to show visual information accurately and effectively, and interaction techniques to make better use of these display systems.
  • (2) Interactive Video Content
  • Creating new interactive content from real video taken by cameras and computer-generated animations.
  • (3) Modeling and Controlling the “Atmosphere” in a Conversation Space
  • Aiming to stimulate the “atmosphere” in a conversation space by supplying real-time feedback to the users, we are exploring means of sensing and analyzing change in the space.
  • (4) Designing and Evaluating Novel Interaction Techniques
  • Designing and evaluating novel interaction techniques on target selection for variety types of displays including large and touch displays.
実用化イメージ

Researchers

Research Institute of Electrical Communication

Yoshifumi Kitamura

[Steroid]

Hormone Actions in Human Breast Carcinoma

 
 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women worldwide. Therefore, it is very important to investigate biological features of breast carcinoma in order to improve clinical outcome of the patients. It is well known that estrogens play important roles in the development of human breast carcinomas, and endocrine therapies are frequently used in these patients to block the intratumoral estrogen actions. In the Division of Pathology and Histotechnology, we analyze hormone actions in breast carcinoma by pathological methods as well as various molecular biological techniques.
実用化イメージ

It will be possible to newly develop diagnostic techniques regarding prediction of prognosis and/or effectiveness of treatment in breast cancer patients.

Researchers

Graduate School of Medicine

Takashi Suzuki

[Stress Corrosion Crack]

Fabrication of Imitative Stress Corrosion Cracking Specimens for the Development of Nondestructive Evaluation Techniques

 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • The emergence of stress corrosion cracking is one of the most important issues from the viewpoint of aging management and maintenance of nuclear power plants. There is a large discrepancy between stress corrosion cracking and other cracks such as fatigue cracks from the viewpoint of nondestructive testing and evaluations, which requires suitable specimens containing stress corrosion cracking for the development of nondestructive testing and evaluation techniques and also for personnel training. However, artificially introducing stress corrosion cracking needs large cost and long time. Furthermore, several studies have pointed out that such articial stress corrosion cracking is not always similar to natural ones. On the basis of the background above, we develop a method to fabricate "imitative" stress corrosion cracking specimens using diffusion bonding.
実用化イメージ

The method enables one to introduce a region whose response is almost identical to actual stress corrosion cracking from the viewpoint of nondestructive testing. Whereas the dimension of the region is accurately controllable, the method requires much less cost and time comparing the conventional ones using corrosive environment. Patent is already applied for.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Noritaka Yusa

[stress corrosion cracking]

Suppression of Intergranular Degradation of Polycrystalline Materials by Grain Boundary Engineering

 
 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • Intergranular degradation often results in decreased lifetime, reliability and economical efficiency of polycrystalline materials. In spite of persistent efforts to prevent such degradation, its complete suppression has not yet been achieved. Grain boundary studies have revealed that coincidence-site-lattice (CSL) boundaries have stronger resistance to intergranular degradations than random boundaries. The concept of ‘grain boundary design and control' has been refined as grain boundary engineering (GBE). GBEed materials which are characterized by high frequencies of CSL boundaries are resistant to intergranular degradations. Our group has achieved very high frequencies of CSL boundaries in commercial stainless steels by GBE. GBEed stainless steels showed significantly stronger resistance to intergranular corrosion (see Figs. 1 and 2), weld-decay, knife-line attack, stress corrosion cracking, liquid-metal embrittlement, radiation damage, etc. and much longer creep life (see Fig. 3) than the unGBEed ones.
実用化イメージ

By using this GBE processing, we expect to conduct effective collaborative research in related fields.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Yutaka Sato

[submarine survey]

Role of Volatiles on Petit-Spot Volcanoes

 
 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • The new kind of volcanoes, petit-spot, are located off NE Japan and Chile. They erupt at a submarine portion to be far from tectonic plate boundaries (e.g., mid-oceanic ridges and volcanic arcs) of the usual sites of volcanoes, earthquakes, and related geologic activity. The magmas have extremely high carbon dioxide and possibly originate from the base of tectonic plate.
実用化イメージ

The magma is squeezed upward and erupts in deep submarine environment wherever the tectonic plate flexes and fractures in the world. Collaborating work with business community would be required in order to search the submarine volcanoes and their related mines.

Researchers

Center for Northeast Asian Studies

Naoto Hirano

[Summarizing skill]

Development of an AI Diagnostic Model for Summarization Skill and Metacognitive Ability in English Listening and Reading Comprehension-Based Summarization

 
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概要

Having devoted many years to English language education, my primary research interest lies in its pedagogical applications. Writing summaries in English is widely recognized as a crucial academic literacy skill for English language learners. However, English summarization is an exceptionally demanding cognitive skill that proves challenging to acquire, as it requires multiple competencies: summarizing skills, English writing skills, and metacognitive abilities. Consequently, English learners, despite being able to comprehend information in English and mentally organize it, frequently fail to produce high-quality summaries due to constraints in their English writing skills.
Our current research focuses on developing an AI-based diagnostic model designed to assess not only overall English summarization performance but also learners’ underlying summarizing skills and metacognitive abilities based on English summaries produced by Japanese English learners.

従来技術との比較

The development of an AI model that estimates and diagnoses summarizing skills and metacognitive abilities addresses criteria missing in conventional assessment frameworks, and our research, as an interdisciplinary study integrating English education, cognitive psychology, and natural language processing, is expected to make valuable contributions to both educational practice and academic research.

特徴・独自性
  • A distinctive feature of our research is its attempt to define the fundamental nature of summarizing skills more precisely by comparing summaries produced by Japanese English learners in both English and their first language, Japanese, with a particular focus on the presence or absence of barriers related to writing skills.
  • Furthermore, our research prioritizes high authenticity by targeting English source materials that integrate both listening and reading comprehension for summarization tasks. This integrated approach realizes assessment conditions that more closely approximate actual classroom environments and study-abroad learning contexts.
実用化イメージ

The AI-based diagnostic model developed in our study is expected to contribute to the improvement of summary writing instruction in English language education and to reduce teachers’ assessment burden. Teachers will be able to understand the extent to which learners have acquired summarizing skills and how effectively they can utilize metacognitive strategies when they write English summaries, thereby facilitating the provision of more effective instructional strategies and formative feedbacks. Furthermore, in the longer term, the diagnostic data of our study may support the development of online instructional materials incorporating VR (Virtual Reality) avatars, as well as the design of engaging learning environments in which avatars provide both verbal and non-verbal feedbacks at appropriate moments, thereby enhancing learner motivation.

Researchers

Graduate School of Arts and Letters

Makiko Kato

[super vitaminE]

Selective recovery of tocotrienol from vegetable oils using ion-exchange resins

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特徴・独自性
  • Tocotrienol, one of vitamin E, has recovered by the conventional method with molecular distillation from deodrizer distillate discharged from the oil refining processes. However, tocotrienol easily loses its activity due to its low thermal stability, so that its recovery ratio and purity were extremely low. We proposed a novel method to selectively recover tocotrienol by adsorption/desorption using anion-exchange resin at 50 degree C. Tocotrienol is retained on the resin by ion-exchange reaction, and then released and recoverd from the resin by other ion-exchange reaction. Prior to the adsorption/desorption, free fatty acid, a major component of the feed, should be removed by esterification using cation-exchange resin at 50 degree C.
実用化イメージ

This innovative technology succeeds in solving the serious problems in the current tocotrienol production, the large weight loss due to the thermal decomposition and large amount of remaining impurities. This technology applies to the production of not only tocotrienol but also tocopherol as bioactive compounds s in food chemicals.

Researchers

Graduate School of Engineering

Naomi Kitakawa

[Supercapacitor]

Advanced Nanotechnology for Critical metal free secondary battery

 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • Monoatomic layered materials of Graphene, Transition metal sulfide nanosheet, nanocrystalline active materials, nanoparticles and nanoporous materials are investigated for realizing high capacity, high power, high safety and low cost energy storage devices as a post- Lithium ion battery. Advanced chemistry of functional materials and device processes for All solid state battery, Magnesium battery, fuel cells, supercapacitor and wearable batteries are investigated.
実用化イメージ

Academia – Industry collaboration with manufacturing companies of functional materials, batteries, and also smart grid, renewable energy, electrical power companies are encouraged for developments of advanced energy materials and post-Lithium ion battery.

Researchers

Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials

Itaru Homma

[Supercomputer]

Supercomputing for enabling large-scale advanced simulations

 
 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • As modern supercomputers are getting larger and more complicated, it is not so easy to exploit their potential performance. It is necessary to develop a simulation code with considering various factors for both hardware and software reasons, and hence expert knowledge and experiences about supercomputing are often needed to achieve high actual performance. Our research interests focus on shaping future supercomputing systems and their applications, especially system software technologies for effectively using the future supercomputers. Also we are always exploring how to make good use of the state-of-the-art hardware and software technologies in order to enable unprecedented-scale and more advanced simulations.
  • From beginning (apply for use of our supercomputer) to end (get a solution), we can consistently support developing large-scale practical simulation, which is feasible only by using the supercomputer. As a supercomputing center, we have a long history of parallelizing and accelerating a lot of practical simulation programs. In addition, we are looking for research collaborators who are interested in streamlining and/or facilitating large-scale scientific software development.
実用化イメージ

Researchers

Cyberscience Center

Hiroyuki Takizawa

Development of a Numerical Prediction System for Sliding Part Wear and Seizure Occurrence Portions

 
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概要

Focusing on the lubricant film flow with phase change between the engine piston pin and connecting rod small end, we developed a new multiphase fluid-structure coupled analysis method that takes into account elastic deformation of the structure and flow path changes and developed a simulation prediction method for tribological properties under high load conditions. The simulation prediction method for tribological properties under high load conditions has been created. As a result, we succeeded in simulation prediction of the wear/seizure generating areas in sliding parts. We discovered that the peculiar deformation behavior of the components is the cause of wear/seizure.

従来技術との比較

It has been thought that computational prediction is impossible to verify the wear and seizure locations in fluid lubrication. Still, this study succeeded in the simulation prediction of wear and seizure locations in sliding parts.

特徴・独自性
  • Numerical prediction of the wear and seizure locations in the sliding parts of engine piston pins was successfully performed.
  • The bow-like deformation of the piston pin was identified as the cause of mechanical contact and seizure at the connecting rod edge.
  • A three-dimensional multiphase fluid-structure coupled analysis method has been successfully developed, considering the piston pin's elastic deformation and connecting rod and thin-film cavitation1 lubrication with unsteady flow path changes.
実用化イメージ

This research method applies to automotive engines and all sliding component elements using fluid lubrication. It contributes to damage prediction and the development of safety guidelines for transportation and industrial machinery components, enabling the optimal design of components.

Researchers

Institute of Fluid Science

Jun Ishimoto

[Supercomputer applications]

High Performance Computer Architectures and their Applications

 
 
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特徴・独自性
  • My research interests include the design and development of high-performance supercomputing systems and their applications. Targeted areas range from the key components of supercomputing systems, which include processor architectures, memory subsystems, network systems, task schedulers, and compilers, to high-performance multimedia processing algorithms such as photo-realistic computer graphics.
実用化イメージ

Currently I am conducting joint-research projects with several companies in the fields of high-performance computer architecture design and advanced simulation technologies for industrial design such as next-generation supercomputers and highly efficient and comfortable regional jets.

Researchers

Graduate School of Information Sciences

Hiroaki Kobayashi

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